Marx e a teoria desaparecida da ideologia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21814/eps.8.1.6323Palavras-chave:
Karl Marx; ideology; superstructure; ruling ideas; false consciousnessResumo
Karl Marx é frequentemente e tipicamente visto como um dos principais teóricos da ideologia. Contudo, um olhar mais atento mostra que Marx não oferece nada parecido com uma teoria desenvolvida da ideologia. Em vez disso, como defendo aqui, existem elementos para três explicações bastante diferentes da ideologia que podem ser encontradas no seu trabalho: a ideologia como superestrutura, como as ideias dominantes dos governantes e como falsa consciência. Esta é uma nova reconstrução das ideias de Marx sobre ideologia. Nenhuma das três ideias acima foi desenvolvida com maior detalhe por Marx, e há até mesmo a questão em aberto se elas são mutuamente compatíveis. Pode haver alguma esperança de combinar a segunda e a terceira ideias, mas defendo que qualquer pessoa interessada numa teoria da ideologia deveria antes olhar para desenvolvimentos mais recentes. Acontece que tal teoria ainda está na sua “infância”.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2025 Peter Baumann
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0.
