Beyond Neoliberal Presentism: An Eco-Temporality for the Anthropocene
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21814/anthropocenica.4683Palavras-chave:
Antropoceno, Temporalidade, Neoliberalismo, Bloch (Ernst), MultiversumResumo
Neste artigo, examinamos a relação entre o capitalismo neoliberal, uma temporalidade presentista, e a crise climática e ambiental. Passamos por várias características da temporalidade neoliberal (presentismo estrutural, distinção público/privado, sujeitos individuais e filosofia da história), esboçando um relato de como cada uma delas impacta a política ecológica e climática. Além disso, consideramos a desconstrução do conceito moderno de progresso linear em estudos pós-coloniais, ao mesmo tempo em que defendemos a indesejabilidade de seu completo abandono - uma vez que uma temporalidade progressiva mantém um papel crucial na viabilização de mudanças políticas e visão de longo prazo. Para estabelecer a conexão entre política e temporalidade, com base em Koselleck, Lévi-Strauss e Hartog, definimos a temporalidade política como o esquema de interação entre a representação social do tempo e o que é percebido como politicamente viável em uma determinada comunidade, em um determinado momento. Para vislumbrar um novo “regime de historicidade", adequado ao Antropoceno, precisamos aprender com os fracassos tanto do presentismo neoliberal quanto da temporalidade linear do progresso e, ao fazê-lo, abrir novos espaços para a ação política. Estabelecemos assim duas condições básicas que qualquer novo modelo de “eco-temporalidade” deve cumprir para evitar essas dificuldades. Por esta razão, nas duas últimas seções, esboçamos um modelo alternativo (multi)temporal que deve ser adequado para o Antropoceno, com base nos conceitos de “multiversum” e “contemporaneidade de elementos não-significativos”, do autor alemão Ernst Bloch (Bloch, 1970, 1991).
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