Hip to Be Square: Moral Saints Revisited

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21814/eps.6.1.5235

Palavras-chave:

Santos morais, Visionários morais, Modelo/Exemplo, valores não-morais, motivação moral

Resumo

Defendo a importância contínua e a atração dos santos morais. O objetivo deste artigo é duplo: em primeiro lugar, criticar a definição de santidade de Wolf e, em segundo lugar, argumentar contra a sua opinião de que não se deve desejar ser um santo moral, nem imitá-lo. Na secção 1, defendo que os santos morais são agentes morais altamente complexos e que a definição de Wolf não capta essa complexidade. O meu segundo argumento é que a afirmação de Wolf de que existem dois tipos de santos, amorosos e racionais, conduz a um dilema. Ou: (1) a distinção entre santos amorosos e racionais é justificável; mas nesse caso os argumentos contra os benefícios da santidade devem ser dirigidos independentemente contra cada tipo de santo, o que Wolf não faz; ou (2) a distinção não é justificável, caso em que a divisão é explicatoriamente impotente. Na secção 2, apresentarei o argumento de Wolf para explicar por que razão não se deve querer ser um santo moral, nem sequer conhecer um. Contraponho que Wolf dá demasiada importância aos valores não-morais, ao ponto de estes terem o monopólio do que constitui uma vida completa. Wolf tem de fornecer um âmbito mais definitivo para os valores não-morais, uma vez que a distinção entre valores morais e não-morais é ambígua. Por último, defendo que os santos morais podem servir como exemplos e visionários morais. Admirando-os e emulando-os, podemos adaptar o nosso próprio comportamento moral e, através do exemplo, os santos morais podem descobrir novas e melhores formas de perseguir os bens morais.

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Publicado

2023-08-11

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Ryan, L. D. (2023). Hip to Be Square: Moral Saints Revisited. Ética, Política & Sociedade, 6(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.21814/eps.6.1.5235

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