Desafios das famílias com a educação durante a transição para a pré-escola: um estudo qualitativo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21814/childstudies.5790Palavras-chave:
Família, educação para a primeira infância, grupo focalResumo
Contexto: O tempo passado com as crianças influencia positivamente o seu comportamento e desenvolvimento cognitivo, beneficiando também as famílias. No entanto, nem todas as famílias, especialmente as que se encontram em transições de desenvolvimento, podem interagir com os seus filhos da mesma forma. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo explorar e descrever os desafios das famílias com filhos pequenos durante a transição das crianças para o jardim de infância. Método: Os profissionais da educação e da saúde, juntamente com famílias de crianças de três anos, participaram em grupos de discussão. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e a análise de conteúdo seguiu os pressupostos de Bardin. Resultados: Identificaram-se três categorias: "tempo para ser criança", "tempo para ser família" (com a subcategoria "tempo para rotinas e papéis") e "tempo para envolvimento externo" (por exemplo, sistemas de cuidados infantis e de saúde). O aumento dos compromissos de tempo e a gestão das exigências das crianças foram citados como os principais desafios. A informação consistente proveniente de fontes externas foi considerada essencial para o bem-estar da família. Conclusões: As famílias de crianças em idade pré-escolar enfrentam desafios relacionados com a gestão do tempo na transição para a pré-escola, necessitando de apoios adequados para lidar com eles.
Referências
Al-Motlaq, M. A., Carter, B., Neill, S., Hallstrom, I. K., Foster, M., Coyne, I., & Shields, L. (2018). Toward developing consensus on family-centred care: An international descriptive study and discussion. Journal of Child Health Care, 1367493518795341. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493518795341 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493518795341
Anderson, G., & Arsenault, N. (2002). Fundamentals in Educational research (2nd ed.). Routledge Falmer.
Bardin, L. (2015). Análise de conteúdo. Edições 70.
Black, M., Walker, S., Fernald, L., Andersen, C., DiGirolamo, A., Lu, C., & Grantham-McGregor, S. (2017). Early childhood development coming of age: science through the life course. Lancet (London, England), 389(10064). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31389-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31389-7
Carter, B., & McGoldrick, M. (1999). The expanded family life cycle: individual, family and social perspectives. Allyn & Bacon.
Castro, M., Expósito-Casas, E., López-Martín, E., Lizasoain, L., Navarro-Asencio, E., & Gaviria, J. L. (2015). Parental involvement on student academic achievement: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 14, 33-46. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.01.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.01.002
Clark, H., Coll-Seck, A. M., Banerjee, A., Peterson, S., Dalglish, S. L., Ameratunga, S., & Costello, A. (2020). A future for the world's children? A WHO-UNICEF-Lancet Commission. Lancet, 395(10224), 605-658. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32540-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32540-1
Crouter, A. C., Head, M. R., McHale, S. M., & Tucker, C. J. (2004). Family Time and the Psychosocial Adjustment of Adolescent Siblings and Their Parents. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66(1), 147-162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2445.2004.00011.x
Dockett, S., & Perry, B. (2021). Invisible transitions: Transitions to school following different paths. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 46(3), 224-235. https://doi.org/10.1177/18369391211009698 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/18369391211009698
Dockett, S., Petriwskyj, A., & Perry, B. (2014). Theorising Transition: Shifts and Tensions. In B. Perry, S. Dockett, & A. Petriwskyj (Eds.), Transitions to School - International Research, Policy and Practice (pp. 1-18). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7350-9_1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7350-9_1
Dreyer, B. (2023). Achieving Child Health Equity: Policy Solutions. Pediatric clinics of North America, 70(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2023.04.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2023.05.002
Duvall, E. (1977). Marriage and family development (5 ed.). Lippincott.
Frye, R. E., Malmberg, B., Swank, P., Smith, K., & Landry, S. (2010). Preterm birth and maternal responsiveness during childhood are associated with brain morphology in adolescence. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 16(5), 784-794. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355617710000585 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617710000585
Gallahue, D. L. (2002). Desenvolvimento motor e aquisição da competência motora na esducação de infância. In B. Spodek (Ed.), Manual de Investigação em Educação de Infâcia (pp. 49-83). Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.
Gedaly-Duff, V., Nielsen, A., Heims, M., & Frances, M. (2010). Family child health nursing. In J. Kaakinen, V. Gedaly-Duff, D. Coehlo, & S. Hanson (Eds.), Family health care nursing: theory, practice and research (4th ed., pp. 332-378). F.A. Davis Company.
GEP - Gabinete de Estratégia e Planeamento. (2021). Carta Social, Rede de Serviços e Equipamentos - Relatório 2020. Ministério do Trabalho, Solidariedade e Segurança Social.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of Conflict between Work and Family Roles. The Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76-88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1985.4277352
Ho, Y., Mahirah, D., Ho, C., & Thumboo, J. (2022). The role of the family in health promotion: a scoping review of models and mechanisms. Health Promotion International, 37(6). https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daac119 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daac119
Kitzinger, J. (1995). Qualitative research. Introducing focus groups. BMJ, 311(7000), 299-302. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.7000.299
Kohler, M., Emmelin, M., & Rosvall, M. (2017). Parental health and psychosomatic symptoms in preschool children: A cross-sectional study in Scania, Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 1403494817705561. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494817705561 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494817705561
Krueger, R., & Casey, M. (2015). Focus groups: a practical guide for applied research (5 ed.). Sage.
Lago, L. (2017). Different Transitions: Timetable Failures in the Transition to School [https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12176]. Children & Society, 31(3), 243-252. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12176 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/chso.12176
Lawrence, J., Haszard, J., Taylor, B., Galland, B., Gray, A., Sayers, R., & Taylor, R. (2021). A longitudinal study of parental discipline up to 5 years. Journal of Family Studies, 27(4), 589-606. https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2019.1665570 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2019.1665570
Lee, S., McHale, S. M., Crouter, A. C., Hammer, L. B., & Almeida, D. M. (2017). Finding Time Over Time: Longitudinal Links Between Employed Mothers' Work-Family Conflict and Time Profiles. Journal of Family Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000303 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0000303
Lester, S., & Russell, W. (2010). Children's Right to Play: An Examination of the Importance of Play in the Lives of Children Worldwide. Working Papers in Early Childhood Development, No. 57. ERIC.
Li, D., & Guo, X. (2023). The effect of the time parents spend with children on children's well-being. Frontiers in psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096128 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096128
Limbo, R., Petersen, W., & Pridham, K. (2003). Promoting safety of young children with guided participation processes. Journal of Pediatrics Health Care, 17(5), 245-251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5245(02)88335-3
Luby, J. L., Barch, D. M., Belden, A., Gaffrey, M. S., Tillman, R., Babb, C., & Botteron, K. N. (2012). Maternal support in early childhood predicts larger hippocampal volumes at school age. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of United States of America, 109(8), 2854-2859. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118003109 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118003109
McGoldrick, M., Carter, B., & Garcia-Pedro, N. (2011). The expanded family life-cycle: individual, family, and social perspectives. Allyn & Bacon.
Medina, A. M., Lederhos, C. L., & Lillis, T. A. (2009). Sleep disruption and decline in marital satisfaction across the transition to parenthood. Families, System, & Health, 27(2), 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015762 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015762
Meleis, A. (2012). Theoretical nursing: development and progress (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Health.
Meleis, A., Sawyer, L., Im, E., Hilfinger Messias, D., & Schumacher, K. (2000). Experiencing transitions: an emerging middle-range theory. Advances in Nursing Science, 23(1), 12-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00012272-200009000-00006
Meleis, A., Sawyer, L., Im, E., Messias, D., & Shumacher, K. (2010). Experiencing transitions: an emerging middle-range theory. In A. Meleis (Ed.), Transitions Theory: Middle Range and Situation Specific Theories in Nursing Research and Practice (pp. 52-65). Springer Publishing Company.
OECD Family Database. (2016). PF 3.2 Enrolment in childcare and pre-school. Retrieved 24th July from
OECD. (2015). Starting Strong IV: Monitoring quality in early childhood education and care. OECD Publishing. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264233515-en
Schor, E. L. (2003). Family pediatrics: report of the Task Force on the Family. Pediatrics, 111(6 Pt 2), 1541-1571. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.S2.1541
Schumacher, K., & Meleis, A. (2010). Transitions: a central concept in nursing. In A. Meleis (Ed.), Middle-range and situation-specific theories in nursing research and practice (pp. 38-51). Springer Publishing Company.
Shields, L., Pratt, J., & Hunter, J. (2006). Family centred care: a review of qualitative studies. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 15(10), 1317-1323. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01433.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01433.x
Shields, L., Pratt, J., Davis, L. M., & Hunter, J. (2007). Family-centred care for children in hospital. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews(1), Cd004811. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004811.pub2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004811.pub2
Shloim, N., Edelson, L. R., Martin, N., & Hetherington, M. M. (2015). Parenting Styles, Feeding Styles, Feeding Practices, and Weight Status in 4-12 Year-Old Children: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1849. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01849 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01849
Shonkoff, J., Garner, A., & Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health. (2012). The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress. Pediatrics, 129(1). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-2663 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-2663
Siviy, S. (2016). A Brain Motivated to Play: Insights into the Neurobiology of Playfulness. Behaviour, 153(6-7). https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539X-00003349 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539X-00003349
van der Horst, K., & Sleddens, E. F. C. (2017). Parenting styles, feeding styles and food-related parenting practices in relation to toddlers' eating styles: A cluster-analytic approach. PLoS One, 12(5), e0178149. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178149 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178149
Weiss-Laxer, N., Crandall, A., Okano, L., & Riley, A. (2020). Building a Foundation for Family Health Measurement in National Surveys: A Modified Delphi Expert Process. Maternal and child health journal, 24(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-019-02870-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-019-02870-w
Williams, J. (2001). Unbending gender: why family and work conflict. Oxford University Press.
Wood, E. (2014). Free choice and free play in early childhood education: troubling the discourse. International Journal of Early Years Education, 22(1), 4-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2013.830562 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760.2013.830562
Wright, L., & Leahey, M. (2013). Nurses and Families: a guide to family assessment and intervention. FA Davis Company.
Yap, M. B., Whittle, S., Yucel, M., Sheeber, L., Pantelis, C., Simmons, J. G., & Allen, N. B. (2008). Interaction of parenting experiences and brain structure in the prediction of depressive symptoms in adolescents. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65(12), 1377-1385. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.65.12.1377 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.65.12.1377
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2024 Rafaela Rosario
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0.