Os estudos da criança vistos através da lente da teoria aplicada dos sistemas sociais da família
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21814/childstudies.4126Palavras-chave:
sistemas sociais, sistemas familiares, atividades familiares, atividades comunitárias, práticas parentais, aprendizagem infantil, intervençãoResumo
Neste artigo descrevem-se os fundamentos de uma teoria aplicada dos sistemas sociais da família para explicar as múltiplas variáveis do bem-estar infantil, da aprendizagem e do desenvolvimento, das crenças parentais, do comportamento e das práticas e bem-estar familiar. A teoria deriva de princípios dos sistemas ecológicos de Bronfenbrenner e outras teorias sociais, familiares e contextualizadas. A teoria aplicada foi usada para desenvolver um modelo de configuração de atividades das oportunidades de aprendizagem quotidianas de crianças pequenas e um modelo de práticas de intervenção de sistemas familiares para garantir que os pais e outros cuidadores tenham tempo e energia psicológica para fornecer às crianças oportunidades de aprendizagem que estimulam e melhoram o seu desenvolvimento nos contextos da vida quotidiana da família e da comunidade. O artigo inclui resultados de três diferentes linhas de investigação que sustentam o modelo de sistemas aplicados e os dois modelos de intervenção associados. Os resultados mostram que as diferentes características da criança, assim como as do meio, os comportamento e as práticas parentais, as variáveis dos sistemas familiares e sociais e as ações do profissional estão empiricamente relacionados com as variações nos resultados da criança, dos pais e da família. Foram igualmente identificadas vias de influência entre as práticas do modelo de intervenção dos sistemas familiares, as práticas parentais e os resultados da criança mediados pelas conceções de autoeficácia dos pais e pelo seu bem-estar. Descrevem-se as contribuições da teoria, dos modelos e dos resultados da investigação para os Estudos da Criança.
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